When an older adult experiences a seizure, it can be a distressing event for both the individual and those around them. Understanding what to expect during and after a seizure can be crucial for providing effective support and ensuring safety. This article outlines the signs, types, and immediate actions to take when an older adult has a seizure.

Types of Seizures
Seizures can manifest in various forms, with the most common types including:

• Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures: Characterized by stiffening of the body followed by rhythmic jerking. These seizures usually last a few minutes and may involve loss of consciousness.
• Focal Seizures: These affect only a specific area of the brain and may cause changes in awareness or movement. Symptoms can range from simple twitching to complex behaviors.
• Absence Seizures: Typically brief, involving sudden lapses in attention, these seizures are less common in older adults but can occur.

Signs of an Impending Seizure
Some older adults may exhibit warning signs before a seizure, known as an aura. These can include:

• Changes in vision or smell
• Unusual feelings of tension or anxiety
• Increased confusion or disorientation

During a Seizure
When an older adult has a seizure, it is important to remain calm and provide assistance. Key things to keep in mind include:

• Ensure the person is in a safe environment, away from sharp objects or hazards.
• Time the duration of the seizure. Most seizures last between 30 seconds to 2 minutes.
• Place the individual on their side to help keep the airway clear, and put something soft under their head, if available.
• Avoid putting anything in the person’s mouth, as this can lead to injury.

After the Seizure
Postictal confusion is common after a seizure, and the older adult may be disoriented or fatigued. It’s essential to:

• Provide space and time for recovery.
• Offer reassurance; they may feel confused or embarrassed.
• Monitor their breathing and responsiveness. If the person does not regain consciousness within 5 minutes, call for emergency assistance.

When to Seek Medical Help
While not all seizures require medical intervention, certain situations do necessitate immediate attention:

• The seizure lasts more than 5 minutes.
• Multiple seizures occur in a row without recovery in between.
• The individual is injured during the seizure.
• There’s a noticeable change in their behavior or condition post-seizure.

Caring for Older Adults with a Seizure Disorder
If the older adult has a known seizure disorder, it's crucial to have an action plan in place. This can include:

• Medication management: Ensuring they take prescribed medications consistently.
• Regular medical check-ups to monitor their condition.
• Educating family members and caregivers about seizure first aid and safety measures.

In conclusion, being prepared and informed about what to expect when an older adult has a seizure can make a significant difference in the outcome of the episode. Understanding seizure types, recognizing warning signs, and knowing how to respond can help provide the necessary support and care during these challenging moments.