Seizures can be alarming for both the person experiencing them and those witnessing the event. Knowing how to respond effectively can make a significant difference in the outcome. This guide outlines essential steps for providing seizure first aid.

1. Stay Calm

The first step is to remain composed. Panic can escalate the situation, making it harder to help the person experiencing the seizure. Take a deep breath and focus on providing support.

2. Ensure Safety

Move any nearby objects that could cause harm. Clear the area of sharp or hard items to prevent injury. If the person is standing or sitting, gently guide them to the ground to avoid falls.

3. Time the Seizure

Note the duration of the seizure. Most seizures last between 30 seconds and two minutes. If the seizure lasts longer than five minutes, it is crucial to seek immediate medical assistance, as this may indicate a medical emergency.

4. Protect the Person’s Head

Place a soft item, like a jacket or a cushion, under the person's head to prevent injury. Avoid holding their head still; instead, apply support to help reduce the risk of further injury.

5. Do Not Restrict Movement

Do not try to hold the person down or restrain their movements. This can lead to injury for both the individual experiencing the seizure and the helper. Allow the seizure to take its course.

6. Keep Airway Clear

As the seizure ends, ensure the person’s airway is clear. If they are lying on their back, gently roll them onto their side. This position helps to keep the airway open and allows any fluids to drain from the mouth.

7. Comfort After the Seizure

Once the seizure is over, the person may be confused or disoriented. Offer reassurance and support as they regain awareness. Speak calmly and encourage them to rest.

8. Avoid Giving Food or Drink

Do not give the person anything to eat or drink until they are fully alert. They may have difficulty swallowing or may be at risk of choking.

9. Seek Medical Help if Necessary

If the person experiences multiple seizures in a short period or does not regain consciousness, call emergency services immediately. Additionally, if it's their first seizure, medical evaluation is recommended.

10. Inform the Individual of What Happened

After the seizure, when the person is awake and aware, explain what occurred. They may have no recollection of the seizure itself and will appreciate understanding what happened during that time.

Final Thoughts

Being prepared with knowledge of seizure first aid can significantly improve outcomes during such episodes. Awareness and quick action can provide safe, effective assistance. For those with a history of seizures, it’s also beneficial to discuss an action plan with healthcare providers and caregivers.